Hydraulic transmission for vehicle brakes



March 1.937- E. M. MOREHOUSE 1 HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION FOR VEHICLE BRAKES Filed July 25, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet l 31+ 7 4, Jnvenior Z'uyene MMom house W, Ai-ly.

March 1937- E. M. MOREHOUSE HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION FOR VEHICLE BRAKES Filed July 25, 1955 3 SheeEs-Sheet 2 WM/ a 1 bias ' Inventor Zuyeneflffamkouse March 23', 1937. EM, M REHOU E 2,074,617

HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION FOR VEHICLE BRAKES In men tor Ear/ em MMorehoaSe HYDRAULIC it TRANSMISSION BRAKES ron 'YEHIQLE Eugene Moreh o iise, "Iujunga, Calif; assiznor to Clyde a Reader, Omaha, Nebr. H A pplication Juiy 25, 1935, Serial No. 335011 SCiahns. (come-.2) taken on the lines-lot This invention relates to a hydraulic transmission forvehicle brakes and more particuiarly pertains to a transmission mechanism for actuate ing brakes of engine driven vehicles from the 5 engine driven sha ft,undermanual control. I

An object of the invention isto provide a hydraulic transmission of theabove character embodying a construction whereby the transmission inechanism'is normally out of "operative connece t e 1--1 of Fig. 2. as seen inthe dlrection indicated tion with 'the engine driven shaft and'whereby no torque will be applied to the shaft by reason of the connection theretoof the brake actuating transmission except when the vehicle brakes are 7 applied.

a. plurality of eccentrically operated pumps for erable clutchmeans for placing. the pumpsfi'in and out of operative connection with theengine driven shaft'through the pump 'operatingeccentrics. f

Another objectis to provide an arrangement in the transmission mechanism thatIwhile the pressure developing pumps are 'operatively" consure may be by-passed with the brake mechawhereby a resistance will be offered to operation of the pumps to effect afretardingtorque action on the engine shaft so as to enable retarding movement of a vehicle, as on coasting downgrade or initially slackening speed without effecting application of the vehicle brakes thus .minimizingfwear of the. brakes,

A further object is to provide a mechanism-of the above character which is extre'melycompact and. is adapted to be associated withthe driven shaft of the change speed tran'; issidnoi af motor vehicle. 1 1 i Various additional objects and features ofthe of a present preferred embodimentthereof, refpanying drawings in which:;

Fig.1 is a plan view of a motorvehicle running gear illustrating the applicationot the invention:

Fig.2is an-enlarged detailed section and eleindicated by the arrows:

Fig. 3 is adetaiiinhorizontal section and as viewed on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2:

Fig. 4 is a view in vertical transverse section V Another objectis to provide a hydraulic transmission for actuating vehicle brakes embodying nected to the engine driven shaft, the fiuid presi and t j at J.

erence for this purpose being had to the acco'm t t 22' spiined on the shaft F; Thesleeve 22 hasan annular channel 23 engaged bya yoke 24 having vation of the hydraulic transmissionm'echanism as seen on the line 2--2 oi' Fig. '1' in the direction t member llisamoved into' operative engagement plan with the clutch members therebyplacing the e t Fig. 2 as seen in the direction indicated by the arrows: k i

1 Fig. 5 is a view in section'and elevation taken on the line 5- 5 of Fig. 2, asseen in the direction indicated by the arrows: 1

Fig. 6 is a detail lnve'rtical section partly in elevation as seen" on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5 as seen in the direction indicated by the arrows:

Fig. '1 is a detail in sectiontaken on the line Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. '1 showing the brake control valve in its open position.

Referring to the drawings more specifically A indicates generally a motor vehicle frame, B denotes the veh'icle wheels on which the frame A is carried in a usual fashion, C designates the vehicle brake housings associated with the wheels,

D denotes the vehicle engine, E a transmission M housing, F an engine driven shaft "leading from the housing, and G a universal'joint housing interposed between the shaft F and a-housing H- containing the vehicledrive shaft. 4 i

In carryingout the presentinvention a hous ing I is interposed between'the gear case E and the universal joint housing G and through which housing I. the shaft F'extends; thehousing I "including end wal1s 9 and I0 carrying bearings l l and I2 m which shaft F is journailed. i

The housingI also includes side walls l3 and l4 and a bottom wall I5 formed integral with the end walls 9 and I0, and is fitted witharemovable-cover "l6, andfforms a receptacle or sump for a hydraulic transmission fluid indicated Loosely encircling the shaft" F within the housmg I is a sleeve I1 between which and the shaft F is interposed ball bearings |8-l9 whereby rotation of the shaft F may be efiectedwithout rotating the sleeve l1.

The end of the sleeve l1 extending toward the gearbox!!! is formed with a flange 20 constituting one member of a-friction clutch the other member 2 Lot which is carried on a sleeve trunnions 25 connected to arms 26-.on a rock shaft 21 fitted with a lever arm 28 connecting with a manuallycontrolled operating mechanism,

as will I be later described, whereby the clutch Arranged interiorly of the housing I is a series of pump cylinders 30 each of which is fitted with a reciprocal piston 3|; the cylinders 36 extending in a row beneath the shaft F and open- 5 ing toward the latter and the pistons '3! being fitted with connecting rods 32 leading to sleeves 33 which encircle eccentrics 34 formed on the sleeve l1.

As here shown three of such pump cylinders with their associated pistons and eccentrics are provided, but manifestly this number of pumps may be increased or diminished as occasion may require.

The lower end of each of thepump cylinders 38 communicates with a transverse passage 35 one 1 end of which is fitted with an intake valve 36 and the other end of which is fitted with a. discharge valve 31. The valve 36'is in the form of a ball which seats on the margin of an opening 38 under the urge of a spring 39 and normally closes communication between the pump cylinder and a passage 49 leading to an opening 4| in a wall of the pump structure communicating with the sump in the housing I containing the liquid J.

2 The valve 31 comprises a ball which normally closes an opening 42 under the urge of a spring 43, and which opening leads to a passage 44 leading through the housing of a tubular rotary valve 1 45 which valve has circumferentially elongated 30 ports 46 affording at all times a communication between the passage 44 and the interior of the valve 45 irrespective of turning movement of the port 48; the pistons 50-5| being fitted with stems.

52 and 53 respectively which pass through packing glands 54 in the ends of the bores 49.

Springs 55 wound around the stems 52 and 53 45 in the bores 49 between the pistons 50 and 5| and the glands 54 act to normally maintain the pistons 50 and 5| invretracted position. c

The stems 52 and 53 are here shown in Fig. 4 as arranged to abut against the inner ends of 50 rocker arms 56, pivoted at 51 and having connecting rods 58 on their'outer ends for effecting operation of a mechanical brake, the rods leading through. conduits 59 to'brake mechanism in the brake drums C to operate the brakes in a 55 well known manner.,

It will be understood however that movenient of the reciprocal pistons 50 and 5| may be employed to effect operation of hydraulic brakes in a usual fashion not necessary to be hereshown. 60 The tubular rotary valve45 opens at one end to a .port 60 normally closed by a ballvalve 6| in a valve chamber 62 under the urge of a spring 63 from which chamber leads a passage 64 communicating with thesump in the housing I, for 65 the purpose of by-passing liquid through the valve 45 as will presently be described, and formed in the wall of the housing of the valve 451s a. restricted passage 65 affording a communication between the ports "and the passage 64 for re- 7o'lieving pressure between the pistons 59-5l to release the brakes. p

a I The valve 45 is fitted at one end thereof with a-lever arm 66 fitted with a yoke 61 engaged by a .push rod- 68, as shown in Fig. 5, and which rod 75 leads to any suitablemeans'of manual control being here shown in Fig. 1 as connecting with an arm 69 on a. rock shaft 16 extending alongside the steering column of the motor vehicle and fitted with a hand lever 1| adjacent the steering wheel, whereby manipulation of the lever 1| will turn the shaft 16 and cause the arm 69 to shift the rod 68 longitudinally and thereby rock the arm 66 through a pair of spaced collars 12-13 fixed on the rod 68 and between which the yoke 61 extends. I I

The push rod 68 is also connected to the rock shaft 21 for actuation of the latter; a yoke 14 on the arm 28 extending astride the rod 28 between a fixed collar 15 and a loose sleeve 16 on the rod 28. A spring 11 wound around the rod 63 bears between the collar 12 and the sleeve 16 and is ,tensioned to yieldably maintain the sleeve against the yoke 14 so that advance movement of the rod 28 will rock the shaft 21 to apply the clutch member 2|.

In the operation of the invention, rotation of the engine driven shaft F effects rotation of the clutch member 2| by reason'of. the splined connection of the latter, and when it is desired to retard movement of the vehicle the operator turns the rock shaft 16 and thereby advances the clutch member 2| (through the action of the push rod 68, yoke 14, arm 28, rock shaft 21, arm 26 and yoke 24) into frictional engagement with the clutch member 28 onthe sleeve l1, thereby effecting a frictional drive or rotation of the latter from the shaft Fthus revolving the eccentrics 34 and causing the latter to effect reciprocation of the pump pistons 3| through the'connecting rods 32 and s1eeves33. Reciprocation of the pislivered through the passages 44 and ports 46 into the interior ofthe valve 45.

Liquid previously entrapped in the valve 45 will be displaced and directed through the passage 60, past valve 6|. and through passage 64 back to the sump under resistance afforded by the restriction of the passage 68. v c

A back'pressure is thus imposed on the pump pistons thereby' 'imposing a load on the shaft F and eflectlng retardation thereof to initially retard movement of the vehicle. During this initial operation the valve 45 is turned insufficiently to open the ports 48, but onfurther advance of the rod 68 sleeve 16 backed by spring 11 yields allowing the valve 45 to be further moved so that ports "open to ports 48 whereupon pumped liquid will flowthrough the ports 48 into the bores 49 and being under pump pressure will act to force the pistons 56 and 5| outwardly in opposed relation to eachother thereby causing the stems 52 and 53 to move outwardly and effect application of the vehicle brakes, as through the levers 56 and rods 58, in a conventional manner. In event of excess pressure being built up interiorly of the valve 45 a portion of the liquid pumped into the-valve will be by-passedback to the sump through the port'60, past the valve 6| and through the passage 64.

When it is, desired to release the brakes ,the clutch member 2| is placedout of operative engagement with the clutch member 26 thus terminating operation ofthe pump pistons whereupon Where it i do the brake actuating pistons 60 and ii are returned to normal forcing a portion of the liquid out of the bores 49 back into the sump through the vent passage-65 and passage 64.

a I d to effect resistance to rotation of th hait l where the latter is being driven by rot tion of the vehicle wheels in coasting, theihand lever ii is operated as before described to place the clutch member 2! in engage- 10 ment with the clutch member and thereby efiect operation of the pump pistons so that the latter will act to eiiect circulation of the liquid.

The resistance afforded to such circulation of the pumped liquid as before stated imposes a 15 torque on the shaft F tending to retard rotation thereof and thus effecting a braking action on the coasting vehicle independent of the'brakes on the vehicle wheels.

I claim:

1. In a. brake applicator, an engine driven shaft, a liquid containing housing, a pump for circulating the liquid in i said housing, brake operating mechanism controlled by liquid pressure developed by said pump, means for relieving pump pressure on the latter reaching a predetermined amount, a valve for controlling circulation of the liquid and for placing said brake operating mechanism in and out of operative relation to said pump, means for placing said pump in and out of operative relation to said shaft, and manually operated means for collectively effecting operation of said last named means and of said valve including means for placing said pump in operative relation to said shaft in advance of operation of said valve to effect actuation of said brake operating mechanism.

2. In a brake applicator, an engine driven shaft, a pump, normally inoperative means for driving said pump from said shalt, a clutch for effecting connection between said shaft and said pump driving means, liquid pressure operated brake applying mechanism, a liquid containing housing associated with said pump, said pump adapted to effect circulation of liquid in said housing, a valve for controlling circulation of the liquid and for placing said brake operating means in and out of operative influence at liquid pressure developed by said pump, means for relieving pump pressure on the latter reaching a so predetermined amount, a manually operable push rod, and connections between said push rod and said clutch and said valve for collectively operating said clutch and valve including means whereby said clutch will be applied to eiiect 55 operation of said pump before said valve is openefiecting connection between said shaft and said pump driving means, liquid pressure operated brake applying mechanism, a liquid containing housing associated with said pump, said pump adapted to eifect circulation of liquid in aid housing, a valve for controlling circulation oi the liquid and for placing said brake operating means in and out of operative influence of liquid pressure developed by said pump, means for relieving pump pressure on the latter reaching a predetermined amount, a manually operable push rod, and connections between said push rod and said clutch and said valve for collectively operating said clutch and valve including means whereby said clutch will be applied to effect operation of said pump before said valve is operated to effect actuation of the brake operating mechanism, and means for creating back pressure on said pump in the interval between operation of said clutch and valve.

4. In a brake applicator, a liquid containing housing, a pump adapted to circulate liquid in said housing, liquid pressure actuated brake operating mechanism associated with said housing, means for relieving pump pressure on the latter reaching a predetermined amount, a valve controlling circulation of liquid by said pump adapted to place said brake operating mechanism in and outcf operative relation to said pump, a power driven vehicle propelling shaft, normally inoperative means for driving said pump from said shaft, a clutch for placing said pump driving means in operative connection with said shaft, 9. single manually controlled operative connection between said clutch and valve, said connection including means for engaging said clutch in advance of operating said valve to place said brake mechanism in operative relation to said pump.

5. in a vehicle brake applicator, a revoluble shaft, a sleeve encompassing said shaft, a clutch member on said, sleeve, 9. second such member splined on said shaft, manually controlled means for placing said clutch members in operative engagement with each other, a liquid containing housing encompassing said shaft, sleeve and clutch members; a pump in said housing, an eccentric on said sleeve, operating connections between said pump and eccentric, said pump 

